ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ ПЕСЧАНЫХ ПЛЯЖЕЙ ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ БАЛТИКИ АНТРОПОГЕННЫМ МОРСКИМ МУСОРОМ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ МНОГОЛЕТНЕГО МОНИТОРИНГА ПО ПРОТОКОЛУ OSPAR С ОЦЕНКОЙ МАССЫ И РАЗМЕРОВ
Аннотация
В результате многолетнего мониторинга (2019–2022 гг.) по расширенному протоколу OSPAR проведена комплексная оценка загрязнения антропогенным морским мусором песчаных пляжей юго-восточной части Балтийского моря. На двух модельных пляжах (Куршская и Балтийская косы) собрано и проанализировано 7927 предметов мусора. Установлено доминирование пластикового загрязнения, составляющего 90 % от общего количества мусора. Плотность загрязнения антропогенным морским мусором составила 0.12±0.08 шт./м² на Куршской косе и 0.08±0.06 шт./м² на Балтийской косе. Впервые для региона получены детальные массо-размерные характеристики пластикового мусора, показавшие преобладание частиц размером 0.1–1 см с массой менее 1 г. Спектральный анализ выявил однородный полимерный состав с преобладанием PET (12 %), CA (11 %), PS (10 %), PE (10 %) и PP (9 %). Статистический анализ не выявил значимых временных трендов и сезонных колебаний загрязнения. Полученные данные имеют важное значение для разработки моделей переноса и трансформации пластикового мусора в морской среде и могут служить основой для совершенствования системы мониторинга антропогенного морского мусора.
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Передача авторских прав происходит на основании лицензионного договора между Автором и Федеральным государственным бюджетным учреждением науки Институт океанологии им. П.П. Ширшова Российской академии наук (ИО РАН)







