Suspended matter in the Baltic Sea: Distribution and Chemical composition

  • V. N. Lukashin Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
  • V. A. Krechik Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
  • E. S. Bubnova Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
  • D. P. Starodymova Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
  • A. A. Klyuvitkin Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.29006/1564-2291.JOR-2018.46(2).11
Keywords suspended matter, chemical composition, suspended matter-forming components, trace elements, nepheloid layer, technogenic pollution

Abstract

New data are presented on chemical composition of dispersed sedimentary matter sediment in the Baltic Sea. The suspended matter-forming components are considered – biogenic opal, organic matter, and lithogenic substance, as well as the Fe, Mn and trace elements. Seasonal variability in the distribution of these components in the water column from surface to bottom is established. Chemical composition study has revealed enrichment of suspended matter by number of trace elements in the whole water column that is explained by both man-made pollution, and natural processes in water (organic matter degradation, formation hydrogenic forms of Fe and Mn, adsorption on natural sorbents). Matrix correlation analysis of concentrations of chemical elements revealed relationship between the elements.

References


  1. Bagaev A., Mizyuk A., Khatmullina L., Isachenko I., and Chubarenko I. Anthropogenic fibres in the Baltic Sea water column: Field data, laboratory and numerical testing of their motion. Science of the total environments, 2017, Vol. 599–600, pp. 560–571.

  2. Bauer S., Blomqvist S., and Ingry J. Distribution of dissolved and suspended particulate molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten in the Baltic Sea. Marine chemistry, 2017, Vol. 196, pp. 135–147.

  3. Bernard P.C., Van Grieken R., and Brugmann L. Geochemistry of suspended matter from the Baltic Sea.: Results of the individual particle characterization by Automated electron microprobe. Marine chemistry, 1989, Vol. 26, pp. 155–177.

  4. Bostrom K., Burman J.-O., Pointer C., and Ingri J. Selective removal of trace elements from the Baltic by suspended matter. Marine chemistry, 1981, Vol. 10, pp. 335–354.

  5. Boström K. and Ingri J. Origin of iron-manganese-rich suspended matter in the Landsort Deep, NW Baltic Sea. Marine Chemistry, 1988, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 93–98.

  6. Brzezinska A., Trzosinska A., Zmijevska W., and Wodkiewicz L. Trace metal in suspended matter and surficial bottom sediments from the southern Baltic. Oceanologia, 1984, Vol. 18, pp. 59–77.

  7. Brugmann L, Bernard P.C., and van Grieken R. Geochemistry of suspended matter from the Baltic Sea: Results of bulk trace metal analysis by AAS. Marine chemistry, 1992, Vol. 38, pp. 303–323.

  8. Bulczak A.I., Rak D., Schmidt D., and Beldowski J. Observation of near-bottom currents in Bornholm Basin, Slupsk Furrow and Gdansk Deep. Deep-Sea Res., II: topical studies in oceanography, 2016, Vol. 128, pp. 96–113.

  9. Demina L.L. Formy migratsii tyazhelykh metallov v okeane (Forms of heavy metals migration in the ocean). Moscow: Nauka, 1982, 120 p.

  10. Demina L.L. Formy nakhozhdeniya nekotorykh tyazhelykh metallov v vodakh Baltiiskogo morya (Occurrence forms of some heavy metals in the waters of the Baltic sea). Geologicheskaya istoriya i geokhimiya Baltiiskogo morya (Geological history and geochemistry of the Baltic Sea), Ed. A.P. Lisitsyn, Moscow: Nauka, 1984, pp. 55–64.

  11. Dellwig O., Leipe T., Mӓrz C., Glockzin M., Pollehne F., Schnetger B., Yakushev E.V., Böttcher M.E., and Brumsack H.-J. A new particulate Mn-Fe-P shuttle at the redoxcline of anoxic basins. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 2010, Vol. 74, pp. 7100–7115.

  12. Emel'yanov E.M. Kolichestvennoe raspredelenie morskoi vzvesi u poberezh'ya Sambiiskogo poluostrova Kurshskoi kosy (Baltiiskoe more) (Quantitative distribution of marine suspended matter off the coast of the Sambian Peninsula of the Curonian spit (Baltic sea), Okeanologicheskie issledovaniya, 1968, No. 18, pp. 203–213.

  13. Emel'yanov E.M. Raspredelenie elementov (Fe, Al, Ti, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co) vo vzvesi Baltiiskogo morya (Distribution of elements (Fe, Al, Ti, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co) in suspended matter of the Baltic Sea). Voprosy chetvertichnoi geologii Pribaltiki (Questions of Quaternary Geology of the Baltic States), Riga: Zinatne, 1974, No. 7, pp. 81–99.

  14. Emel'yanov E.M. Zhelezomargantsevyi rudnyi protsess v Baltiiskom more (Iron-manganese ore processes in the Baltic sea). Litologiya i poleznye iskopaemye, 2011, No. 3, pp. 227–248.

  15. Emel'yanov E.M. Donnye osadki: raspredelenie, granulometriya, mineralogiya, geokhimiya (Bottom sediments: distribution, granulometry, mineralogy, geochemistry. Sistema Baltiiskogo morya (The Baltic Sea system), Moscow: Scientific World, 2017, pp. 380–474.

  16. Emel'yanov E.M., Gritsenko V.A., and Egorikhin V.D. Pridonnaya tsirkulyatsiya v Gdan'skoi vpadine Baltiiskogo morya: donnye osadki i dinamika zatokov severomorskikh vod (Bottom circulation in the Gdansk basin of the Baltic sea: bottom sediments and the dynamics of the North sea water flows. Okeanologiya, 2004, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 1–14.

  17. Emel'yanov E.M. and Pustel'nikov O.S. Vzveshennoe veshchestvo, ego sostav i balans osadochnogo materiala v vodakh Baltiiskogo moray (Suspended matter, its composition and the balance of sedimentary material in the waters of the Baltic Sea). Geologi Baltiiskogo moray (Geology of the Baltic Sea), Vilnius: Mokslas, 1976, pp.
    18. 159–186.
  18. Emel'yanov E.M. and Stryuk V.L. Vodnaya vzves' (Water suspended matter). Osadkoobrazovanie v Baltiiskom more (Sedimentation in the Baltic sea), Eds. A.P. Lisitsyn, E.M. Emel'yanov, Moscow: Nauka, 1981, pp. 79–106.

  19. Emel'yanov E.M., Stryuk V.L. and Trimonis E.S. Raspredelenie vzvesi v Gdan'skom basseine (Distribution of suspended matter in the Gdansk basin). Geokhimiya osadochnogo protsessa v Baltiiskom more (Geochemistry of sedimentation process in the Baltic Sea), Eds. E.M. Emel'yanov, V.N. Lukashin, Moscow: Nauka, 1986, pp. 45–57.

  20. Falkowska L. and Beldowska M. Deposition of chemical substance from the atmosphere. Geochemistry of Baltic Sea surface sediments, Sci. ed. S. Uscinowicz, Warshaw: Polish geological institute, 2011, pp. 83–93.


  22. Glockzin M., Pollehne F., and Dellwig O. Stationary sinking velocity of authigenic manganese oxides at pelagic redox clines. Mar. Chem., 2014, Vol. 160, pp. 67–74.

  23. González-Fernández B., Rodríguez-Valdés E., Boente C., Menéndez-Casares E., Fernández-Braña A., and Gallego J.R. Long-term ongoing impact of arsenic contamination on the environmental compartments of a former mining-metallurgy area. Science of the total environments, 2018, Vol. 610–611, pp. 820–830.

  24. Ingri J., Lofvendahl R., and Bostrom K. Chemistry of suspended particles in the southern Baltic Sea. Marine chemistry, 1991, Vol. 32, pp. 73–87.

  25. Jedrach A., Kwasigroch U., Beldowska M., and Kuliński K. Mercury in suspended matter of the gulf of Gdańsk: origin, distribution and transport at the land-sea interface. Marine Polletion Bulletin, 2017, Vol. 118, pp. 354–367.

  26. Krechik V.A., Kapustina M.V., Dubravin V.F., Ezhova E.E., and LukashinV.N. Izmenchivost' termokhalinnykh i gidrokhimicheskikh, sedimentatsionnykh i biologicheskikh pokazatelei pridonnykh vod Gdan'skoi i Gotlandskoi vpadin v 2015–2016 godakh (Variability of thermohaline and hydrochemical, sedimentation and biological parameters of the bottom waters of the Gdansk and Gotland basins in 2015–2016). Sistema Baltiiskogo morya (The Baltic Sea system), Eds. A.P. Lisitsyn et al., Moscow: Scientific World, 2017, pp. 109–121.

  27. Kudryavtseva E.A. Pervichnaya produktsiya fitoplanktona (Primary production of phytoplankton). Sistema Baltiiskogo morya (The Baltic Sea system), Eds. A.P. Lisitsyn et al. Moscow: Scientific World, 2017, pp. 214–241.

  28. Lange E.K. Fitoplankton yuzhnoi chasti Baltiiskogo morya (Phytoplankton of the southern Baltic Sea). Sistema Baltiiskogo morya (The Baltic Sea system), Еds. A.P. Lisitsyn et al., Moscow: Scientific World, 2017, pp. 241–257.

  29. Li L., Pohl C., Ren J.-L., Schulz-Bull D., Cao X.-H., Nausch G., and Zhang J. Revisiting the biogeochemistry of arsenic in the Baltic Sea: Impact of anthropogenic activity. Science of the total environments, 2018, Vol. 613–614, pp. 557–568.

  30. Neretin L.M., Pohl C., Jost G., Leipe T., and Pollehne F. Manganese cycling in the Gotland Deep, Baltic Sea. Mar. Chem., 2003, Vol. 82, pp. 125–143.

  31. Pohl C. and Fernẚndes-Otero E. Iron distribution and speciation in oxic and anoxic waters of the Baltic Sea. Mar. Chem., 2012, Vol. 145–147, pp. 1–15.

  32. Ronov A.B. and Yaroshevskii A.A. Khimicheskoe stroenie zemnoi kory (Chemical structure of the earth's crust). Geokhimiya, 1967, No. 11, pp. 1285–1309.

  33. Rudnic R.L. and Gao S. Composition of continental crust. Tretise on Geochemistry, Vol. 3, The Crust, Eds. H.D. Holland, K.K. Turekian, Amsterdam, Boston et oth.: Elsevier Pergamon, 2004, pp. 1–64.

  34. Sivkov V.V. Vodnaya vzves' (Water suspended matter). Neft' i okruzhayushchaya sreda Kaliningradskoi oblasti (Oil and the environment of the Kaliningrad region), Vol. II, More (SEA), Kaliningrad: Terra Baltika, 2012, pp. 12–127.

  35. Sivkov V.V., Emel'yanov E.M., and Bubnova E.S. Kontsentratsiya i granulometricheskii sostav vzvesi (Concentration and particle size distribution of the suspended matter). Sistema Baltiiskogo morya (The Baltic Sea system), Eds. A.P. Lisitsyn et al., Moscow: Scientific World, 2017, pp. 292–316.

  36. Sivkov V.V. and Zhurov Yu.I. O spetsifike skoplenii vzvesi vo vpadinakh Baltiiskogo morya (On the specifics of suspened matter accumulations in the Baltic Sea deeps). Okeanologiya, 1991, Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 1060–1066.

  37. Szefer P. Metals, metalloids and radionuclides in the Baltic Sea ecosystem. Trace metals in the environment, Vol. 5, Amsterdam: Elsevier science B.V., 2002, 752 р.

  38. Szefer P. and Grembecka M. Chemometric assessment of chemical element distribution in bottom sediments of the Southern Baltic Sea including Vistula and Szczecin lagoons an overview. Polish J. of Environ. Stud., 2009, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 25–34.

  39. Tambiev S.B., Gordeev V.V., Serykh V.Ya., and Serova V.V. Vzveshennoe veshchestvo na profile ot ust'ya r. Daugavy cherez Rizhskii zaliv (Suspended matter on the profile of the mouth of the river Daugava through the Gulf of Riga). Geologicheskaya istoriya i geokhimiya Baltiiskogo moray (Geological history and Geochemistry of the Baltic Sea), Ed. A.P. Lisitsyn, Moscow: Nauka, 1984, pp. 4–18.

  40. Walve J., Gelting J., and Ingry J. Trace metals and nutrients in Baltic Sea cyanobacteria: internal and external fractions and potential use in nitrogen fixation. Mar. Chem., 2014, Vol. 158, pp. 27–37.

  41. Yakushev E.V., Pollehne F., Jost G., Kuznetsov I., Schneider B., and Umlauf L. Analysis of the water column oxic/anoxic interface in the Black and Baltic Seas with a numerical model. Mar. Chem., 2007, Vol. 107, pp. 388–410.

Published
2018-11-18
Issue
Vol 46 No 2 (2018): Journal of Oceanological Research
Section
Marine geology, geophysics and geochemistry

Transfer of copyrights occurs on the basis of a license agreement between the Author and Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS