TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE OUTSTANDING SOVIET SCIENTIST PROFESSOR K.S. SHIFRIN
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the outstanding scientist professor K.S. Shifrin, who led optical research at the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology from 1969 to 1992. He performed scientific works of world level in various fields of physics, including the electrical properties of semiconductors, the scattering of electromagnetic waves by particles, the inverse scattering problem, the transfer of radiation in the atmosphere, the kinetics of cloud formation and precipitation, the passive thermal radiolocation, ocean and atmospheric optics. His first world-famous work related to development of the theory of electrical properties of well-conducting semiconductors, was published in the Journal of Technical Physics in 1944. During the widespread development of semiconductor technology after the Second World War, it was found that the Shifrin’s theory gave a correct explanation for many practically important effects.
A significant part of Shifrin‘s scientific activity was connected with theoretical studies of the scattering of electromagnetic radiation by particles. His book «Scattering of light in a turbid environment» published in 1951, was the first in the world monograph on the theory of single scattering of light by particles.
Shifrin was a founder of the method of microwave radio thermal locating (RTL). The world‘s first collection of articles on this issue, edited by him, was published in 1968 and soon translated into English. At present the RTL all-weather method is widely used for satellite measurements of sea surface temperature, ice cover and other parameters.
Professor Shifrin made a great contribution to development of methods for solving the inverse problem of the light scattering theory, that is the retrieval of the particle size distribution from their light scattering characteristics.
Under the Shifrin‘s leadership, a wide range of problems in ocean optics was studied: the theory of light absorption and scattering by sea water, determination of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the marine suspended matter from the light scattering data, and the use of optical methods in satellite oceanology. In 1983 he published a monograph «Introduction to the Ocean Optics», translated into English as «Physical Optics of Ocean Water».
Professor K.S. Shifrin was a founder of the All-Union plenums on the ocean optics; under his guidance, 51 PhD theses were defended, he was a consultant of nine Dr. Sci. theses.
From 1992 to 2003 he was a professor at the Oregon University, USA. Died in 2011; his ashes is buried in the Preobrazhenskom Cemetery in St. Petersburg.
References
- Bajvel` L.P. and Lagunov A.S. Izmerenie i kontrol` dispersnosti chasticz metodom svetorasseyaniya pod maly`mi uglami. Moskva: E`nergiya, 1977, 87 p.
- Burenkov V.I., Gashko V.A., Kopelevich O.V., and Shifrin K.S. Sopostavlenie razlichny`x metodov opredeleniya sostava morskoj vzvesi. Gidrofizicheskie i opticheskie issledovaniya v Indijskom okeane, Moskva: Shirshov Institute of oceanology, 1974, pp. 74–82.
- Burenkov V.I., Kopelevich O.V., and Shifrin K.S. Rasseyanie sveta krupny`mi chasticzami s pokazatelyami prelomleniya, blizkimi k edinice. Izvestiya AN SSSR, Fizika atmosfery` i okeana, 1975, Vol. 11, No. 8, p. 828–835.
- Gidrofizicheskie i gidroopticheskie issledovaniya v Atlanticheskom i Tikhom okeanax. Ed. by A.S. Monin, K.S. Shifrin, Moskva: Nauka, 1974, 328 p.
- Gidrofizicheskie i opticheskie issledovaniya v Indijskom okeane. Ed. by L.M. Brexovskix, K.S. Shifrin, Moskva: Nauka, 1975, 256 p.
- Gol`din Yu.A. and Kozlyaninov M.V. Rukovodstvo po gidroopticheskim izmereniyam v more. Trudy` IO AN SSSR, 1961, Vol. 47.
- Gol`din Yu.A., Pelevin V.N., and Shifrin K.S. Svetovoe pole ot impul`snogo istochnika v morskoj vode. Sb. «Optika okeana i atmosfery`». Moskva: Nauka, 1981, pp. 56–95.
- Kopelevich O.V. and Shifrin K.S. Sovremenny`e predstavleniya ob opticheskix svojstvax morskoj vody`. Sb. «Optika okeana i atmosfery`». Moskva: Nauka, 1981, pp. 4–55.
- Kuzneczov O.A. and Alejnik D.L. Nauchno-issledovatel`skoe sudno «Dmitrij Mendeleev» i ego e`kspedicii 1969–1993. Moskva: GEOS, 2002, 372 p.
- Melent`ev V.V. Professor K.S. Shifrin – osnovopolozhnik passivnoj SVCh-mikrovolnovoj radiometrii (radioteplolokacii). Trudy` Glavnoj geofizicheskoj observatorii im. A.I. Voejkova, 2017, No. 587, pp. 204–227.
- Opredelenie srednego razmera i koncentracii vzveshenny`x chasticz po fluktuaciyam intensivnosti proshedshego sveta. Optika i spektroskopiya, 1975, Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 367–372.
- Optika okeana (Man. Ed. A.S. Monin). Moskva: Nauka, 1983, Vol. 1, Fizicheskaya optika okeana, 372 p., Vol. 2, Prikladnaya optika okeana, 236 p.
- Optika okeana i atmosfery`. Materialy` VI Plenuma RG po optike okeana Komissii po problemam Mirovogo okeana AN SSSR, Baku: Izd-vo «E`lm», 1983, 400 p.
- Opticheskie metody` izucheniya okeanov i vnutrennix vodoemov (Man. Ed. G.I. Galazij and K.S. Shifrin), Novosibirsk: «Nauka», 1979, 373 p.
- Shifrin K.S. , Rabinovich Yu. I., and Shhukin G.G. Primenenie passivnoj radiometrii v meteorologii. Trudy` GGO, 1968, No. 222, pp. 22–48.
- Shifrin K.S. (Man. Ed.) Perenos mikrovolnovogo izlucheniya v atmosfere. Trudy` Glavnoj Geofizicheskoj observatorii im. A.I. Voejkova, 1968, No. 222, 168 p.
- Shifrin K.S. Vvedenie v optiku okeana. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1983, 278 p. (Eng. Transl. Shifrin K.S. Physical Optics of Ocean Water. New York: AIP Translation Series, 1983, 285 p.186.
- Shifrin K.S. Vliyanie vozbuzhdenny`x sostoyanij atomov primesi na e`lektricheskie svojstva poluprovodnikov. ZhTF, 1944b, Vol. XIV, No. 1–2, pp. 43–48.
- Shifrin K.S. Vy`chislenie nekotorogo klassa opredelenny`x integralov, soderzhashhix kvadrat besselevoj funkcii pervogo poryadka. Trudy` Vsesoyuznogo zaochnogo lesotexnicheskogo instituta, 1956, No. 2, pp. 153–162.
- Shifrin K.S. K teorii e`lektricheskix svojstv polumetallov. ZhTF, 1944v, Vol. XIV, No. 1–2, pp. 49–69.
- Shifrin K.S. Rasseyanie sveta v mutnoj srede. Moskva-Leningad: Gostexteorizdat, 1951, 264 p.
- Shifrin K.S. Usloviya, pri kotory`x nastupaet zametnoe vy`rozhdenie e`lektronnogo gaza v poluprovodnikax. ZhTF, 1944a, Vol. XIV, No. 1–2, pp. 40–42.
- Shifrin K.S. Shtrixi moej zhizni. Kusie`l` Solomonovich Shifrin. Ucheny`j, Uchitel` i Chelovek, Xar`kov: IPP «Kontrast», 2008, pp. 171–217.
- Shifrin K.S. and Golikov V.I. Opredelenie spektra kapel` metodom maly`x uglov. Issledovaniya oblakov, osadkov i grozovogo e`lektrichestva, Leningrad: Izd. AN SSSR, 1961, pp. 266–277.
- Shifrin K.S., Kopelevich O.V., Burenkov V.I., and Mashtakov Yu.L. Ispol`zovanie indikatris rasseyaniya sveta dlya issledovaniya morskoj vzvesi.V sb. «Optika okeana i atmosfery`», Leningrad: «Nauka», 1972, p. 25–44.
- Shifrin K.S. and Salganik I.N. Tablicy po svetorasseyaniyu. Vol. V. Rasseyanie sveta modelyami morskoj vody`. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1973, 219 p.
- Shifrin K.S., Sud`bin A.I., Bekasova O.D. et al. Issledovanie svyazi mezhdu soderzhaniem xlorofilla i yarkost`yu sveta, vy`xodyashhego iz morya. Proc. «TROPE`KS-72», Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1974.
Transfer of copyrights occurs on the basis of a license agreement between the Author and Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS
