CURRENT ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE SEA WATERS NEAR THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST OF THE CRIMEA

  • I. V. Mesentseva Sevastopol Branch Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SB SOI)
  • A. N. Korshenko Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SOI)
  • A. O. Dolgova Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SOI)
  • V. J. Erkushov Sevastopol Branch Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SB SOI)
  • E. V. Katunina Sevastopol Branch Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SB SOI)
  • I. V. Mitukova Sevastopol Branch Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SB SOI)
  • S. A. Zilyaev Sevastopol Branch Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SB SOI)
  • N. A. Chekmeneva Zubov State Oceanographic Institute (SOI)
DOI 10.29006/1564-2291.JOR-2024.52(1).3
Keywords Western Crimea, coastal waters, petroleum hydrocarbons, detergents, heavy metals, marine water quality

Abstract

In the Western Crimea coastal marine waters in June–July 2023 the pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), anionic detergents (APAV) and trace elements (heavy metals) was studied. There was no significant change in hydrological indicators, including the water salinity varied in range 17.27–18.71 ‰, which could have been the result of a recent breakthrough of the dam of the Kakhovsky reservoir. The results showed the predominant importance of petroleum hydrocarbons in assessing the quality of marine waters according the standard calculation of Index of Water Pollution (IWP). The concentration of TPHs was equal to or exceeded the established normative MAC = 0.05 mg/dm3 in 87 % of the samples taken. Two maxima (0.36 and 0.50 mg/dm3) were recorded in the Karkinite Bay apart from coast and reached 7–10 MAC. Near coast here the values were rather high also (0.08–0.09 mg/dm3). The content of of detergents and heavy metals was quite low and did not reach the corresponded MAC. The oxygen regime was generally within normal limits throughout the studied marine water area. The exception was only the top of the Karkinite Bay, where its deficit of dissolved oxygen reached 27 %. In the colder waters near the bottom the concentrations of oxygen increased. The contribution of each studied pollutants into the level of IWP was assessed. The difference in the hydrochemical state of the Karkinite and Kalamita Bays of the Western Crimea is shown. According to the magnitude of the pollution index, the waters of the Kalamita Bay were characterized as “clean” while the Karkinite Bay as “moderately polluted”.

References


  1. Gidrоlоgichni ta gidrоhimichni pоkazniki stanu pivnichnо-zahidnоgо shelfu Chоrnоgо mоrya: dоvidkоvy pоsibnik (Hydrological and hydrochemical indicators of the North-Western shelf of the Black Sea: manual), 2008, Red. I. D. Lоeva, Kiiv, KNT, 616 p.

  2. Ivanоv, V. A., E. E. Sоvga, T. V. Hmara, and V. V. Zima, 2018: Termоhalinny rezim akvatоrii Karkinitskоgо zaliva i ekоlоgicheskie pоsledstviya prirоdоpоlzоvaniya (Thermohaline regime of the Karkinite Bay water area and the environmental consequences of environmental management). Ekоlоgicheskaya bezоpasnоst pribreznоy i shelfоvоy zоn mоrya, 3, 22–33.

  3. Kachestvо mоrskih vоd pо gidrоhimicheskim pоkazatelyam: Ezegоdnik-2021 (Marine water quality. Annual Report 2021). 2023, Red. A. N. Kоrshenkо, Mоscow, FGBU «GОIN», 248 p.

  4. Korshenko, A. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). State of the Environment of the Black Sea (2009–2014/5). Publications of the Commission on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution (BSC), 2019, Istanbul, Turkey, 92–100.

  5. Malahоva, L. V., 2012: Sоvremenny urоven zagryaznennоsti hlоrоrganicheskimi sоedineniyami dоnnyh оtlоzenii ukrainskоgо shelfa Chornоgо mоrya (Modern level of pollution by organochlorine compounds of bottom sediments of the Ukrainian shelf of the Black Sea with organochlorine compounds). Ekоlоgicheskaya bezоpasnоst pribreznоy i shelfоvоy zоn mоrya, 26, 64–73.

  6. Pukhtyar, L. D., Yu. P. Ilyin, and V. N. Belokopytov, 2003: Sezonnaya i prostranstvennaya izmenchivost termohalinnoi struktury vod Karkinitskogo zaliva (Seasonal and spatial variability of thermohaline structure of the waters of the Karkinite Bay). Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost pribreznoy i shelfovoy zonov i kompleksnoe ispolzovanie resursov shelfa, 8, 48–63.

  7. Pukhtyar, L. D., 2007: Sezоnnye raspresneniya i оsоlоneniya vоd Karkinitskоgо zaliva (Seasonal desalination and salting of the waters of the Karkinite Bay). MGZ, 4, 24–39.

  8. Severо-zapadnaya chast Chornоgо mоrya: biоlоgiya i ekоlоgiya (North-Western part of the Black Sea), 2006, Red. Yu. P. Zaicev, B. G. Aleksandrоv, G. G. Minicheva, Kiev, Naukоva Dumka, 2006, 701 p.

  9. Sistema Chornоgо mоrya (Black Sea system), 2018, Red. A. P. Lisitsyn, Mоscow, Nauchny mir, 808 p.

  10. Sоvga, E. E., N. A. Оrehоva, and T. V. Hmara, 2022: Termоhalinnaya i gidrоhimicheskaya struktura vоd akvatоrii Karkinitskоgо zaliva v sоvremenny periоd (Thermohaline and hydrochemical structure of the waters of the Karkinite Bay in the modern period). Prоcessy v geоsredah, 2 (32), 1617–1624.
Published
2024-04-28
Issue
Vol 52 No 1 (2024): Journal of Oceanological Research
Section
Marine geology, geophysics and geochemistry

Transfer of copyrights occurs on the basis of a license agreement between the Author and Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS