东南波罗的海沙质海滩人为海洋垃圾污染状况： 基于OSPAR协议的多年监测及质量与尺寸评估结果

作者

  • O. I. Lobchuk Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences
  • A. V. Kileso Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University"
  • E. E. Esiukova Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29006/1564-2291.JOR-2025.53(4).8

关键词:

波罗的海, 人为海洋垃圾, 质量, 尺寸, 监测, OSPAR, 加里宁格勒州

摘要

基于扩展的OSPAR协议（ 2019–2022年），通过对东南波罗的海沙质海滩进行多年监测，完成了人为海 洋垃圾污染的综合评估。在两个典型海滩（库尔斯沙嘴和波罗的海沙嘴）共采集并分析了7927件垃圾物 品。研究确定了塑料污染的主导地位，其占垃圾总量的90%。人为海洋垃圾的污染密度在库尔斯沙嘴为 0.12±0.08件/平方米，在波罗的海沙嘴为0.08±0.06件/平方米。首次获得了该地区塑料垃圾详细的质量- 尺寸特征数据，结果表明尺寸为0.1–1厘米、质量小于1克的颗粒占主导地位。光谱分析揭示了均匀的聚 合物组成，以PET（ 12 %）、 CA（ 11 %）、 PS（ 10 %）、 PE（ 10 %）和PP（ 9 %）为主。统计分析未发现污染 存在显著的时间趋势和季节性波动。所获数据对开发海洋环境中塑料垃圾的迁移与转化模型具有重要意 义，并可作为完善人为海洋垃圾监测体系的基础。

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已出版

2025-12-21

期次

卷 53 期 4 (2025): 海洋学研究期刊

栏目

海洋地质学、地球物理学与地球化学

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Transfer of copyrights occurs on the basis of a license agreement between the Author and Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS

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